What is Istanbul Known For? (20 Things It's Famous For) [105] Xeriscaping of green spaces has been suggested,[106] and Istanbul has a climate-change action plan. Despite its development as a Turkish city since 1453, it contains many ancient, Roman, Byzantine, Christian, Muslim, and Jewish monuments. Different names are associated with different phases of its history, with different languages, and with different portions of it. [224] The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital. [146] Since the government operates under a "powerful mayor, weak council" approach, the council's leaderthe metropolitan mayorhas the authority to make swift decisions, often at the expense of transparency. The Fourth Crusade was diverted from its purpose in 1204, and the city was sacked and pillaged by the crusaders. [336] Most visitors enter Istanbul by air, but about half a million foreign tourists enter the city by sea each year. From this flagship festival came the International Istanbul Film Festival and the Istanbul Jazz Festival in the early 1980s. [187] Sympathetic to the plight of Sephardic Jews, Bayezid II sent out the Ottoman Navy under the command of admiral Kemal Reis to Spain in 1492 in order to evacuate them safely to Ottoman lands. [90] The city has repeatedly upgraded its building codes, most recently in 2018,[92] requiring retrofits for older buildings[citation needed] and higher engineering standards for new construction. "The Policy of Mehmed II toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City." [333][334] With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. 17 Amazing Things Istanbul Is Known For! - The Turkey Traveler [14] Istanbul and Antalya are Turkey's two largest international gateways, receiving a quarter of the nation's foreign tourists. In Istanbul, Tombs of Religious Figures Still Draw Pilgrims - The New [62] On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. [4] Istanbul is the most populous European city[c] and the world's 15th-largest city. Travel Istanbul: City of the future The mix of East and West, secular and spiritual, makes this complex city a Turkish delight. "Which is kind of what has happened to us." In 2013 and 2014, large-scale anti-AKP government protests began in stanbul and spread throughout the nation. [287], As of 2019, excluding universities more than 3.1 million students attended 7,437 schools in Istanbul, about half of the schools being private educational institutions. Built . Winter precipitation is generally light, persistent and often of mixed precipitation such as rain-snow mixes and graupel; while summer precipitation is generally abrupt and sporadic. [299][300] Capacity declined until the power station reached the end of its economic life and shut down in 1983. Istanbul is known as the "City of Cats" and sometimes referred to as "Catstanbul." Hundreds of thousands of cats have roamed the metropolis for millenniums. [46] On 11 May 330, Constantinople was proclaimed the capital of the Roman Empire, which was later permanently divided between the two sons of Theodosius I upon his death on 17 January 395, when the city became the capital of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. [135] In 1639, Murad IV made some of the most lavish additions, including the Baghdad Kiosk, to commemorate his conquest of Baghdad the previous year. Yasaktan neden muaflar? Mirroring the executive committee at the municipal level, the Provincial Executive Committee includes a secretary-general and leaders of departments that advise the Provincial Parliament. The emperor Constantine I made the city the seat of the Eastern Roman Empire in 330, later naming it Constantinople. Another dangerous part of Istanbul is Kustepe which is in the Sisli district. Several smaller newspapers, including popular publications like Cumhuriyet, Milliyet and Habertrk are also based in Istanbul. CNN . [313] The completed section of highway crosses the Bosphorus Strait via the Yavuz Sultan Selim (Third Bosphorus) Bridge, entered service on 26 August 2016. [107], The Fatih district, which was named after Sultan Mehmed II (Turkish: Fatih Sultan Mehmed), corresponds to what was, until the Ottoman conquest in 1453, the whole of the city of Constantinople (today is the capital district and called the historic peninsula of Istanbul) on the southern shore of the Golden Horn, across the medieval Genoese citadel of Galata on the northern shore. Names of Istanbul - Wikipedia [330] Until then, buses provide transportation within and between the two-halves of the city, accommodating 2.2 million passenger trips each day. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of "Europe's best" and "World's best" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; and Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. [354], The natural vegetation cover of the Bosporus region is made up of temperate broadleaf and mixed forests and pseudo-maquis. Istanbul University, the nation's oldest institute of higher education, dates back to 1453 and its dental, law, medical schools were founded in the 19th century.The city's largest private universities include Sabanc University, with its main campus in Tuzla, Ko University in Saryer, zyein niversitesi near Altunizade. [325][326], The Istanbul Metro comprises ten lines (the M1, M2, M3, M6, M7, M9 and M11 on the European side, and the M4, M5 and M8 on the Asian side) with several other lines (M12 and M14) and extensions under construction. [280] As public hospitals tend to be overcrowded or otherwise slow, private hospitals are preferable for those who can afford them. For the purpose of parliamentary elections, Istanbul is divided into three electoral districts; two on the European side and one on the Asian side, electing 28, 35 and 35 MPs respectively. [94] Winters, meanwhile, are cool, quite rainy, and relatively snow-rich for their well-above-freezing temperatures. [153] Ali Yerlikaya has been the Governor of Istanbul Province since 26 October 2018. Pera (now Beyolu) was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. The dominant ethnic group in the city is Turkish people, which also forms the majority group in Turkey. [111][112], The Atatrk Airport corridor is another such edge city-style business, residential and shopping corridor with over 900,000m2 (9,700,000sqft) of class-A office space. [235] Istanbul and its picturesque skyline have also served as a backdrop for several foreign films, including From Russia with Love (1963), Topkapi (1964), The World Is Not Enough (1999), and Mission Istaanbul (2008). [168], 2019 survey study by KONDA that examined the religiosity of the voting-age adults in Istanbul showed that 57% of the surveyed had a religion and were trying to practise its requirements. [32], The history of the city proper begins around 660 BCE,[10][33][d] when Greek settlers from Megara established Byzantium on the European side of the Bosporus. [169][170] According to a 2019 KONDA study, Kurds constituted around 17% of Istanbul's adult total population who were Turkish citizens. Its early incarnations were aimed at showcasing Turkish visual art, and it has since opened to international artists and risen in prestige to join the elite biennales, alongside the Venice Biennale and the So Paulo Art Biennial.[238]. Istanbul, Turkey is known as the City of Cats and sometimes referred to as 'Catstanbul.' . It is known as one of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world, with over 60 streets and 4000 shops. [322] Trams in Istanbul date back to 1872, when they were horse-drawn, but even the first electrified trams were decommissioned in the 1960s. [310], Istanbul's motorways network are the O-1, O-2, O-3, O-4 and O-7. [22] An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. [296] At the behest of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Krkeme water supply network was constructed; by 1563, the network provided 4,200 cubic meters (150,000cuft) of water to 158 sites each day. The goal now, he . [150] Representing the Republican People's Party, Ekrem mamolu has been the Mayor of Istanbul since 27 June 2019. [206][207] As of 2023, the five tallest skyscrapers in Istanbul and Turkey are the 352m (1,154ft 10in) tall Turkish Central Bank Tower[208][209][210][211][212][213] in the Ataehir district on the Asian side of the city; Metropol Istanbul Tower A (70 floors / 301 metres including its twin spires)[214][215][216][217] also in the Ataehir district; Skyland Istanbul Towers 1 and 2 (2 x 284 metres)[218][219] located adjacent to Nef Stadium in the Huzur neighbourhood of the Saryer district, on the European side; and Istanbul Sapphire (54 floors / 238 metres; 261 metres including its spire)[220] in Levent, on the European side of the city. [195] For Ekrem mamolu, winning the mayoralty of Istanbul was a huge moral victory, but for Erdoan it had practical ramifications: His party, AKP, lost control of the $4.8billion municipal budget, which had sustained patronage at the point of delivery of many public services for 25 years. [39] The city experienced a brief period of Persian rule at the turn of the 5th century BCE, but the Greeks recaptured it during the Greco-Persian Wars. [18] Some Ottoman sources of the 17th century, such as Evliya elebi, describe it as the common Turkish name of the time; between the late 17th and late 18th centuries, it was also in official use. [68] Revitalizing Istanbul also required a massive program of restorations, of everything from roads to aqueducts. Fish diversity in the waters of Istanbul has dwindled in the recent decades. The presence of feral cats in Istanbul (Turkish: sokak kedisi) is noted to be very prevalent, with estimates ranging from a hundred thousand to over a million stray cats. [180] Following Greek migration to the city for work in the 2010s, the Greek population rose to nearly 3,000 in 2019, still greatly diminished since 1919, when it stood at 350,000. As a result, the current height of the obelisk is only 18.54 meters, or 25.6 meters if the base is included. This was followed by nonobservant people with 26% who identified with a religion but generally did not practise its requirements. [327][328] The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray Tunnel, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia, having 13.5km (8.4mi) length. skdar | district, Turkey | Britannica skdar Table of Contents skdar district, Turkey External Websites Also known as: Chrysopolis, Scutari Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica [254] Istanbul has seven basketball teamsAnadolu Efes, Beikta, Darafaka, Fenerbahe, Galatasaray, stanbul Bykehir Belediyespor and Bykekmecethat play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball Super League. [74] Bridges across the Golden Horn were constructed during this period,[75] and Constantinople was connected to the rest of the European railway network in the 1880s. Published November 30, 2020. p. 236. It is the seat of Isparta Province and Isparta District. [160][161] The city's annual population growth of 1.5 percent ranks as one of the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. In: goston, Gbor and Bruce Alan Masters. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. [118] The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with the new Istanbul Airport, opened in 2019; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing 1.5million people. [15] In 2019, Ambarl, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 3,104,882 TEUs, making it the third-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. It's the city of Constantine, the city of happiness, the city of Islam. [198] Istanbul's productivity is 110 percent higher than the national average. Where does Istanbul's name come from? - TRT World [299] Following the founding of the Turkish Republic, the plant underwent renovations to accommodate the city's increasing demand; its capacity grew from 23 megawatts in 1923 to a peak of 120 megawatts in 1956. Today it is a square in Istanbul, Turkey, known as Sultanahmet Square . [279], Istanbul now has a wide variety of periodicals. The settlers built an acropolis adjacent to the Golden Horn on the site of the early Thracian settlements, fueling the nascent city's economy. Worldly Known Europe Cities What is Istanbul Known For? Beikta JK, established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs. Furthermore, as Istanbul is a large and rapidly expanding city, its urban heat island has been intensifying the effects of climate change. [17] Historical affiliations Byzantium 667 BC-510 BC [69] Like many monarchs before and since, Mehmed II transformed Istanbul's urban landscape with wholesale redevelopment of the city center. [129], Built in porphyry and erected at the center of the Forum of Constantine in 330 CE to mark the founding of the new Roman capital, the Column of Constantine was originally adorned with a sculpture of the Roman emperor Constantine the Great depicted as the solar god Apollo on its top, which fell in 1106 and was later replaced by a cross during the reign of Byzantine emperor Manuel Komnenos (r. [337][non-primary source needed], International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. When did Constantinople become Istanbul? | Live Science 24% of the surveyed also identified themselves as "religious conservatives". [367][clarification needed], Algal blooms and red tides were reported in Sea of Marmara and Bosporus (especially in Golden Horn), and regularly happen in urban lakes such as Lake Bykekmece and Kkekmece. After its closure to commercial flights in 2019, it was briefly used by cargo aircraft and the official state aircraft owned by the Turkish government, until the demolition of its runway began in 2020. [126] When re-erected at the Hippodrome of Constantinople, the obelisk was mounted on a decorative base, with reliefs that depict Theodosius I and his courtiers. Everyone Thought He Had Made the Famous Gown. It Was His Wife. Istanbul had three large international airports, two of which currently serve commercial passenger flights. [133] Over the next four centuries, the Ottomans made an indelible impression on the skyline of Istanbul, building towering mosques and ornate palaces. Necdet Sakaolu (1993/94a): "stanbul'un adlar" ["The names of Istanbul"]. In the re-run mamolu gathered 54.22% of the total vote and widened the defeat margin. [191][192][193], Politically, Istanbul is seen as the most important administrative region in Turkey. The city's summers are warm to hot and moderately dry, with an average daytime temperature of about 27C (81F), and less than 7 days of precipitation per month. [71] Those rich enough to have secluded country properties had a chance of escaping the periodic epidemics of sickness that blighted Istanbul. [149][152] The Provincial Administration's duties are largely limited to the building and maintenance of schools, residences, government buildings, and roads, and the promotion of arts, culture, and nature conservation. The Istanbul International Music Festival has been held annually since 1973, and the International Istanbul Film Festival has been held annually since 1982. ", "23 Haziran 2019 Sandk Analizi ve Semen Kmeleri", "How Istanbul won back its crown as heart of the Muslim world", "Istanbul: An Unlikely Refuge for Exiled Journalists", "Arab Exiles Sound Off Freely in Istanbul Even as Turkey Muffles Its Own Critics", "Why dissidents are gathering in Istanbul", "Syrian migrants in Turkey face deadline to leave Istanbul", "Greeks in Istanbul keeping close eye on developments", "Assyrian community thrives again in southeastern Turkey", "Turkey Virtual Jewish History Tour - Jewish Virtual Library", "Why Jews in Terror-stricken Turkey Aren't Fleeing to Israel Yet", "Erdoan: 'stanbul'da teklersek, Trkiye'de tkezleriz', "A Turkish Opposition Leader Is Fighting Erdoan With 'Radical Love', "Erdoan's defeat in Istanbul shows opposition's changing tactics", "Istanbul election rerun set to be won by opposition, in blow to Erdogan", "Regions and Cities in Turkey at a Glance in 2018", "Istanbul's new Bosphorus canal 'to surpass Suez or Panama", "The Imperial Ottoman Bank Patrimoines Partags ", "nBorsa Istanbul: A Story of Transformation", "Istanbul Finance Center opens with inauguration of banking section", "Image of the Istanbul Financial Center on 27 March 2023", "Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Campus Phase I-II", "Image of Metropol Istanbul Towers and the Ataehir district", "Turkey expects cruise tourism boom in 2022", "Panoramic view of the modern skyline of Istanbul's European side, with the skyscrapers of Levent at the center and the Bosphorus Bridge (1973) at right", "A view of the skyscrapers in Levent from Sporcular Park", "10 of the Best Exhibitions at the Istanbul Biennial", "Abdi peki Avenue to be new Champs Elysee", "Shopping in Singapore is Better than Paris", "A Big Night Out in Istanbul And a Big Breakfast the Morning After", "Managing the Difficult Balance Between Tourism and Authenticity", "Turkey's LGBT community draws hope from Harvey Milk", "Besiktas: The Black Eagles of the Bosporus", "UEFA Champions League 2007/08 History Fenerbahe", "Puan Durumu: 20152016 Sezonu 30. Winters are quite cloudy, with around 20 percent of days being sunny or partly cloudy. Names of Istanbul - Wikiwand [56] They established the Latin Empire in place of the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. te 2023 lise taban puanlar", "Istanbul and the History of Water in Istanbul", "Short History of Electrical Energy in Turkey", "YILLAR TBARIYLA YAPIMI TAMAMLANMI OTOYOLLAR (2021)", "Lengths of State Highways according to surface types by Provinces (Km)(2021)", "Plan for New Bosphorus Bridge Sparks Row Over Future of Istanbul", "Istanbul's $1.3BN Eurasia Tunnel prepares to open", "Istanbul Commuters Skeptical of Transit Change", "GEBZE-HALKALI BANLY HATTI 2018 SONUNDA HZMETE GRYOR", "EBRD Supports Privatisation of Ferry Operations in Istanbul", "How Your Greek Summer Holiday Can Help Save Greece", "2012 Sees End of Line for Haydarpaa Station", "Eurolines GermanyDeutsche Touring GmbHEuropabus", "Last flight leaves Ataturk as Istanbul switches airports", "Turkish Airlines relocates to new Istanbul Airport", "Turkish Airlines is switching to a new Istanbul airport all in 45 hours", "Sabiha Gken: New Terminal Lands on Time and Budget", "Sabiha Gken Named World's Fastest Growing Airport", "Preliminary 2013 World Airport Traffic and Rankings", Inventory of Existing Species and Their Habitats in the Bosphorus Area, "Deniz Kirliliini nlemeye likin Hedefler", "Rangers keep an eye on Istanbul's wildlife during winter", "How the street cats of Istanbul landed on their feet", "stanbul'da istilac yeil papaan uyars: Saylar 5-6 bini geti, kent faunas bozulabilir", "Understanding Vehicular Pollution AQI, Harmful Effects and How to Reduce It? When it was held for the first time in 2003, the annual Istanbul Pride became the first gay pride event in a Muslim-majority country. It began with the ancient Greeks, who established the first settlement in the area, known as Byzantium. [25], Byzantium 667 BC510 BCPersian Empire 512 BC478 BCByzantium (Under Athens) 478 BC404 BCByzantium 404 BC196 CE Roman Empire 196395 (Capital between 330395) Byzantine Empire 3951204 Latin Empire 12041261 Byzantine Empire 12611453Ottoman Empire 14531918 Occupation of Istanbul 19181923 Ankara Government 1923Turkey 1923Present, Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 6th millennium BCE. [301] Sultan Abdlmecid I issued Samuel Morse his first official honor for the telegraph in 1847, and construction of the first telegraph linebetween Istanbul and Edirnefinished in time to announce the end of the Crimean War in 1856. [188] By 1711, using the printing press, books came to be published in Spanish and Ladino, Yiddish, and Hebrew. [119], Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it has several green areas. Historically known as Byzantium and then Constantinople, it was the capital of the Byzantine Empire and the Ottoman Empire. [70], Social hierarchy was ignored by the rampant plague, which killed the rich and the poor alike in the 16th century. The Ottoman Parliament was dissolved by the Allies on 11 April 1920 and the Ottoman delegation led by Damat Ferid Pasha was forced to sign the Treaty of Svres on 10 August 1920. [189] In large part due to emigration to Israel, the Jewish population in the city dropped from 100,000 in 1950[190] to 15,000 in 2021. The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM). [301][305] Postal services remain under the purview of what is now the Post and Telegraph Organization (retaining the acronym PTT). Leaving aboard the British warship HMS Malaya on 17 November 1922, he went into exile and died in Sanremo, Italy, on 16 May 1926. Overlay image (Before and After) Today we feature the city of Istanbul, located in north-west Turkey. [20], The name stanbul (Turkish pronunciation:[istanbu] (listen), colloquial Turkish pronunciation:[stambu]) is commonly held to derive from the Medieval Greek phrase " " (pronounced Greek pronunciation:[is tim bolin]), which means "to the city"[21] and is how Constantinople was referred to by the local Greeks. [296] In later years, in response to increasing public demand, water from various springs was channeled to public fountains, like the Fountain of Ahmed III, by means of supply lines. [186] They continue to live in Istanbul (mostly in Karaky, Beyolu and Nianta), and Izmir (mostly in Karyaka, Bornova and Buca). As of 2019[update] the city's mean air quality remains of a level so as to affect the heart and lungs of healthy street bystanders during peak traffic hours,[365] and almost 200 days of pollution were measured by the air pollution sensors at Sultangazi, Mecidiyeky, Alibeyky and Kathane. August 21, 2023 4:13 PM. [308] Turkey has more hospitals accredited by the U.S.-based Joint Commission than any other country in the world, with most concentrated in its big cities. Berkley, a Pueblo native, shares love for Colorado city in first album From around 60 different fish species recorded in the 1970s only 20 of them still survive in the Bosporus. The city of Istanbul has been known by a number of different names. [361][362] Rose-ringed parakeet colonies are present in urban areas, similar to other European cities as feral parrots, and considered as invasive species. [285] Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. [130] The minarets date from that period. [18] Modern excavations have raised the possibility that the name Byzantium might reflect the sites of native Thracian settlements that preceded the fully-fledged town. This fall, the Metropolitan and three other museums give female designers their due. [84] On 29 October 1923 the Grand National Assembly of Turkey declared the establishment of the Turkish Republic, with Ankara as its capital. The Hagia Sophia, topped by a dome 31 meters (102ft) in diameter over a square space defined by four arches, is the pinnacle of Byzantine architecture. [168], Arabs form the city's other largest ethnic minority, with an estimated population of more than 2 million. The city of Constantinople is an ancient city that exists today in modern Turkey as Istanbul. [323] Operated by Istanbul Electricity, Tramway and Tunnels General Management (ETT), trams slowly returned to the city in the 1990s with the introduction of a nostalgic route and a faster modern tram line, which now carries 265,000 passengers each day. [115] Moreover, large scale gentrification and urban renewal projects have been taking place,[116] such as the one in Tarlaba;[117] some of these projects, like the one in Sulukule, have faced criticism. They each maintain their own budgets, although the metropolitan mayor reserves the right to review district decisions. The city is the world's only metropolis to be on more than one continent . The O-2 continues west to Edirne and the O-4 continues east to Ankara. [e] After the reconquest of 1261, however, some of the city's monuments were restored, and some, like the two Deesis mosaics in Hagia Sophia and Kariye, were created. [180] There are today 50,000 to 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul[181] down from a peak of 164,000 in 1913. Byzantium was founded as a Greek colony in the 8th century bc. As of 2019 Istanbul has 61 colleges and universities, with more than 1.8 million students enrolled according to official figures. The current city structure can be traced back to the Tanzimat period of reform in the 19th century, before which Islamic judges and imams led the city under the auspices of the Grand Vizier. Once inside, you'll discover where the mosque gotten its name - from the thousands of blue handcrafted znik tiles that adorn the interior walls.
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